Mulk Raj Anand’s Portrayal of the Discrimination Against Untouchables in the Novel Untouchable

Abstract

This research article explores Mulk Raj Anand’s seminal novel Untouchable (1935), renowned for its empathetic portrayal of societal injustices faced by the downtrodden. Anand, known for his profound sensitivity to the plight of the oppressed, eloquently depicts the multifaceted challenges confronting India’s impoverished lower castes. Untouchable meticulously exposes the pervasive grip of casteism and social marginalization that relegates the lower caste populace to lives fraught with despair and indignity. The novel vividly illustrates the profound impact of untouchability, casting a stark light on the abject poverty and systematic oppression endured by these marginalized communities. Through poignant narratives, Anand underscores how caste-based discrimination subjects individuals to relentless exploitation, humiliation, and unequal treatment within a stratified society. Central to the narrative is the theme of resilience amidst adversity, as Anand imbues his characters with a palpable sense of pathos and dignity. Despite enduring systemic injustices, the protagonists’ resilience emerges as a testament to the human spirit’s endurance in the face of adversity. Anand’s narrative acquires a transformative dimension with the introduction of Mahatma Gandhi’s character, symbolizing hope and advocating for the empowerment of the underprivileged. Through Gandhi’s presence, Anand subtly proposes avenues for societal reform and the upliftment of marginalized communities, echoing themes of social justice and equality that resonate throughout the novel. In essence, Untouchable stands as a poignant critique of entrenched social inequities and a compelling call to action for a more inclusive and just society. Anand’s narrative mastery and compassionate storytelling serve to illuminate the enduring struggles and aspirations of those relegated to the margins, leaving an indelible impression on readers and scholars alike.